(Bloomberg View) — Donald Trump's appeal in northern industrial states was an economic message of bringing back growth to stagnant communities. He also won in part with a tough line on immigration. Newly released Census data indicate that when it comes to making policy, he'll have to choose between those agendas.

Related: 10 states with the happiest workers

Much of the blame for the hollowing out of the Midwest has been placed on the decline of manufacturing, but sluggish population growth has played a big role as well.

Slower population growth means fewer new households, which means less demand for housing, restaurants, teachers, health-care workers and all other economic activity.

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