It wasn’t long ago that most Americans had a secure three-legged stool on which to rest their retirement concerns—a well-funded Social Security system, substantial corporate pensions with retiree health benefits, and, ideally, a strong personal savings rate.

Nowadays, however, pensions aren’t what they used to be; they’ve been largely replaced by employer-sponsored plans such as a 401(k), 403(b), or 457, the reliability of which is yet to be proven.

Social Security, which was never meant to be a sole income provider during retirement, is often said to be vulnerable for future generations.

Alarmingly, only 53 percent of the civilian workforce contributes to or participates in a retirement plan, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, with subsets like the private industry at just 48 percent.

And, according to the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies, 36 percent of baby boomers plan to rely on Social Security as their primary source of income.

All is not lost; however, whether you’re retired, soon-to-be retired, or planning on it a few decades in advance, your best move is to do something about it now.

While there are many clear factors to consider when planning for retirement—such as when to draw Social Security benefits and the possibility of long-term medical care—here are five variables you might be overlooking.

#1: You may need a housing plan—or two.

Between 2005 and 2007, U.S. home values spiked drastically in value, but shortly thereafter plummeted. Fluctuations in the housing market could impact your retirement income strategy.

Your home may not provide the backup retirement income you have anticipated.

Looking ahead, the rate of house appreciation is likely to revert closer to the long-term norms (pre-2006) of 0.75 to 1 percent per year over the rate of inflation—not double-digit annual increases, according to the Urban Land Institute.

#2: Consider the potential impact of inflation.

Inflation can be experienced a little differently when you retire because you’ll likely spend money proportionately on different things.

For retirees, the tendency is to spend money on things that experience a higher rate of inflation.

For instance, health care—which has an inflation rate of about 8 percent—is currently two to three times greater than the overall inflation rate.

#3: Reconsider your goals.

The distribution of retirement income differs from accumulation because, once retired, you may no longer have the timeline to help you recover from the impact of a down market.

You can’t control what the markets will do, or when they will do it.

The occurrence of a market downturn, such as in the first few years of retirement, can have an impact on how long retirement assets may last. One helpful strategy is to combine growth opportunity with reliable income sources.

#4: Understand taxes in retirement.

Many pre-retirees think that when they retire their taxes will be less because they are no longer working. However, many of my clients pay more taxes in retirement than while they were working.

Shocking? It’s true. The house is paid off, you have no dependents, and less write offs.

Throw in your pension and Social Security income, plus RMD income from IRAs and 401(k)s, and now you have a real taxation problem.

Proper planning can help alleviate this future tax liability.

#5: Find your distribution strategy.

Saving for retirement is like standing at the foot of a tall mountain and beginning the slow, steady climb towards your retirement savings goal.

Once you reach it, if you’re not prepared for a long and controlled descent, you could run out of an adequate supply of rope to make your journey safely. A distribution strategy is all about how to descend the mountain as steadily, carefully, and securely as possible.

These are summary explanations of lengthy considerations. Be sure to carefully review the many aspects of these retirement variables.

As president of Wake Up Financial and Insurance Services, Inc. (www.wakeupretirement.net) for nearly two decades, Marc Sarner provides retirement solutions for retirees and pre-retirees that focus on reducing taxes, increasing income and managing risks. He earned his Bachelor of Business Administration from California Polytechnic State University.

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