Some children aren’t getting the proper medical care they need—because parents think it’s too expensive. According to a new survey, the high cost of health care is deterring parents from taking their children to the doctor or buying them prescription medication.

Led by Lauren Wisk, a doctoral student and graduate research assistant in the School of Medicine and Public Health at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, researchers examined data from the 2001-2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys on 6,273 families with at least one child.

One thing that increased the chances that families would delay or go without care was excessive financial burden, defined as insurance premiums or out-of-pocket health care expenses using at least 10 percent of family income, Wisk explains. When that’s the case, families are 40 percent more likely to opt out of receiving care, regardless of their income or health insurance.