The days of one-size-fits-all, scattershot approaches to health care may be on the wane. A National Institutes of Health program, the All of Us Research Program, aims to customize patient care to a fine degree that would both improve patient health and reduce patient care costs by creating a more-efficient health delivery system.

All of Us is essentially an umbrella program to fund and develop the Precision Medicine Initiative, described by NIH as “a revolutionary approach for disease prevention and treatment that takes into account individual differences in lifestyle, environment and biology.” PMI was created last year with a $130 million allocation to NIH to build a massive research participant group. The goal: using a research cohort of 1 million U.S. patients, drill down on the effects of genetics, lifestyle and environment on health and — by extrapolation — medical care.

The ambitious undertaking, which has a 10-year timeline, got a huge boost when the first three providers of research participants were recently awarded grants by NIH. The groups — dubbed the Southern All of Us Network, the Southeast Enrollment Center, and All of Us, Wisconsin — received a collective $13.8 million to enroll members of their provider groups in the national program. Hospitals, universities and research groups comprise the bulk of the organizations that will be solicited for participants.