“The vision of legions of patients becoming engaged shoppers pushing down prices has turned out to be a mirage,” wrote Noam Levy, in his coverage of the poll. “Only 17 percent of workers say they have attempted to shop around to find the best price for a medical service in the previous year.”

Paying bills, not saving

Overall, the study found 18 percent of respondents reported having an HDHP paired with an HSA. In general, these enrollees said they made relatively modest contributions to their HSA and had not accumulated savings in their accounts. About half of those with HSAs (47 percent) said they had contributed less than $1,000 to their account in the past year. Just 11 percent said they had contributed $5,000 or more.

“The survey finds that individuals with HSA plans are more likely to view them as a way to pay for current medical bills (68 percent) than as a way to save money for the future (32 percent),” The report noted.

Not expanding cost-consciousness

HDHPs and HSAs were first touted as consumer-directed health plans, which would help enrollees become smart shoppers and put pressure on providers to keep costs down.

The KFF/LA Times report suggests the jury is still out on this concept. “The survey finds mixed evidence about whether this is occurring among people with employer-based coverage,” the report said. “While the lowest rates of reporting cost-conscious behaviors occur among those in plans with no deductible, those in high deductible plans are not significantly more likely than those in lower deductible plans to report engaging in most of the behaviors asked about in the survey.”

But the report saw some cost-consciousness; it found that people in plans with high deductibles were more likely than those with lower deductibles to ask for a generic rather than a name brand drug (55 percent versus 43 percent). That group was also more likely to say they've used an online tool to compare the cost of different providers (30 percent versus 22 percent for those with lower deductibles).

The poll also shows that a lack of price transparency and plan clarity continues to be a barrier to comparison-shopping among consumers. “Two-thirds of people with employer coverage say it is difficult to find out how much medical treatments and procedures provided by different doctors and hospitals would cost them,” the report said. “In addition, four in ten say they have had difficulty understanding what their health plan will cover (40 percent) and a similar share report difficulty understanding how much they will have to pay out of their own pocket when they use care (44 percent).”

Read more: 

• When consumers pick up the tab, health care prices decrease
• Consumers using price transparency to budget, not comparison shop
• How health literacy boosts HSA engagement: 5 steps to guide clients