Although it is well-documented that poverty can be a barrier to adequate health care, it is unclear whether income support can improve outcomes and help control costs.

"Income support administered as a cash benefit could, for example, reduce financial strain and improve mental health," according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. "It could also help pay the costs associated with accessing health care. On the other hand, a common belief about cash benefits, supported by several cross-sectional and quasi-experimental studies, is that they enable misuse of substances and alcohol to the detriment of health."

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